East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (Tetum: Timor Lorosae; officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. The small country of 15,410 km²[3] (5,400 sq mi) is located about 640 km (400 mi) northwest of Darwin, Australia.
East Timor was colonized by Portugal in the 16th century, and was known as Portuguese Timor until Portugal's decolonization of the country. In late 1975, East Timor declared its independence, but later that year was invaded and occupied by Indonesia and was declared Indonesia's 27th province the following year. In 1999, following the United Nations-sponsored act of self-determination, Indonesia relinquished control of the territory and East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on May 20, 2002. East Timor is one of only two predominantly Roman Catholic countries in Asia, the other being the Philippines.
East Timor is a lower-middle-income economy.[4] It continues to suffer the aftereffects of a decades-long independence struggle against Indonesia, which damaged infrastructure and displaced thousands of civilians. It is placed 158th by Human Development Index (HDI) among the world's states, the lowest in Asia.
Contents
- 1 Etymology and naming issues
- 2 History
- 3 Politics
- 4 Districts, subdistricts, and sucos
- 5 Geography
- 6 Economy
- 7 Demographics
- 8 Sports
- 9 Public holidays
- 10 See also
- 11 Notes and references
- 12 Bibliography
- 13 External links
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Repúblika Demokrátika Timór Lorosa'e República Democrática de Timor-Leste | ||||||
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Motto: "Unidade, Acção, Progresso" (Portuguese) ("Unity, Action, Progress") | ||||||
Anthem: Pátria | ||||||
Capital (and largest city) | Dili 8°34′S 125°34′E / 8.567°S 125.567°E | |||||
Official languages | Tetum and Portuguese [1] 1 | |||||
Demonym | East Timorese | |||||
Government | Parliamentary republic | |||||
- | President | José Ramos-Horta | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Xanana Gusmão | ||||
Independence | from Portugal, Indonesia² | |||||
- | Established | 1702 | ||||
- | Declared | November 28, 1975 | ||||
- | Recognized | May 20, 2002 | ||||
Area | ||||||
- | Total | 14,874 km2 (159th) 5,743 sq mi | ||||
- | Water (%) | negligible | ||||
Population | ||||||
- | July 2005 estimate | 1,115,000[citation needed] (155th) | ||||
- | Density | 64/km2 (132nd) 166/sq mi | ||||
GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $2.518 billion[2] | ||||
- | Per capita | $2,364[2] | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $499 million[2] | ||||
- | Per capita | $468[2] | ||||
HDI (2008) | ▼ 0.483 (low) (158th) | |||||
Currency | U.S. Dollar³ (USD ) | |||||
Time zone | (UTC+9) | |||||
Drives on the | left | |||||
Internet TLD | .tl4 | |||||
Calling code | 670 |
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