Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali), 
is a landlocked nation in
Western Africa. Mali is the seventh largest country in Africa, bordering Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with an estimated population of almost 12,000,000. Its capital is Bamako.
Consisting of eight regions, Mali's borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara, while the country's southern region, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economic structure centers around agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's natural resources include gold, uranium, and salt. Mali is considered to be one of the poorest nations in the world.
Present-day Mali was once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (from which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. In the late 1800s, Mali fell under French control, becoming part of French Sudan. Mali gained independence in 1959 with Senegal, as the Mali Federation in 1959. A year later, the Mali Federation became the independent nation of Mali in 1960. After a long period of one-party rule, a 1991 coup led to the writing of a new constitution and the establishment of Mali as a democratic, multi-party state. About half the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.[4]
is a landlocked nation in
Western Africa. Mali is the seventh largest country in Africa, bordering Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with an estimated population of almost 12,000,000. Its capital is Bamako.Consisting of eight regions, Mali's borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara, while the country's southern region, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economic structure centers around agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's natural resources include gold, uranium, and salt. Mali is considered to be one of the poorest nations in the world.
Present-day Mali was once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (from which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. In the late 1800s, Mali fell under French control, becoming part of French Sudan. Mali gained independence in 1959 with Senegal, as the Mali Federation in 1959. A year later, the Mali Federation became the independent nation of Mali in 1960. After a long period of one-party rule, a 1991 coup led to the writing of a new constitution and the establishment of Mali as a democratic, multi-party state. About half the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.[4]
Capital(and largest city)
Bamako12°39′N 8°0′W / 12.65°N 8°W / 12.65; -8
Official languages
French (de jure), Bambara (de facto)
Demonym
Malian
Government
Semi-presidential republic
-
President
Amadou Toumani Touré
-
Prime Minister
Modibo Sidibé
Independence
from France
-
Declared
September 22, 1960
Area
-
Total
1,240,192 km2 (24th)478,839 sq mi
-
Water (%)
1.6
Population
-
July 2007 estimate
11,995,402 (71rd)
-
Density
11/km2 (207th)28/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$15.045 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$1,126[2]
GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$8.783 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$657[2]
Gini (1994)
50.5 (high)
HDI (2007)
▲ 0.380 (low) (173rd)
Currency
West African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zone
GMT (UTC+0)
-
Summer (DST)
not observed (UTC+0)
Drives on the
right[3]
Internet TLD
.ml
Calling code
223
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