The Republic of Rwanda (pronounced /ruːˈændə/ or /rəˈwɑːndə/ in English, [ɾwanda] or [ɾɡwanda] in Kinyarwanda) is a small landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of east-central Africa, bordered by Uganda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. Home to approximately 10.1 million people, Rwanda supports the densest population in continental Africa, most of whom engage in subsistence agriculture. A verdant country of fertile and hilly terrain, the small republic bears the title "Land of a Thousand Hills" (French: Pays des Mille Collines; Kinyarwanda: Igihugu cy'Imisozi Igihumbi).
The country has received considerable international attention due to its 1994 genocide, in which between 800,000 and one million people were killed.[2] In 2008, Rwanda became the first country in history to elect a national legislature in which a majority of members were women.[3] Three quarters of the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.
Contents
- 1 History
- 2 Politics
- 3 Administrative divisions
- 4 Geography
- 5 Transport
- 6 Communications
- 7 Economy
- 8 Demographics
- 9 See also
- 10 References
- 11 External links
| Republic of Rwanda Repubulika y'u Rwanda République du Rwanda | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
| Motto: Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu "Unity, Work, Patriotism" | ||||||
| Anthem: "Rwanda nziza" | ||||||
 | ||||||
| Capital (and largest city) | Kigali 1°57′S 30°4′E / 1.95°S 30.067°E | |||||
| Official languages | Kinyarwanda, French, English | |||||
| Demonym | Rwandan, Rwandese | |||||
| Government | Republic | |||||
| - | President | Paul Kagame | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Bernard Makuza | ||||
| Independence | from Belgium | |||||
| - | Date | July 1, 1962 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 26,798 km2 (147th) 10,169 sq mi | ||||
| - | Water (%) | 5.3 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | April 2008 estimate | 10,186,063 (83rd) | ||||
| - | census | 10,428,000 | ||||
| - | Density | 343/km2 (29th) 829/sq mi | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $9.988 billion[1] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $1,041[1] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $4.459 billion[1] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $465[1] | ||||
| Gini (2003) | 45.1 (medium) | |||||
| HDI (2007) | ▼0.435 (low) (166th) | |||||
| Currency | Rwandan franc (RWF) | |||||
| Time zone | CAT (UTC+2) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | not observed (UTC+2) | ||||
| Drives on the | right | |||||
| Internet TLD | .rw | |||||
| Calling code | 250 | |||||
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