Tajikistan (pronounced /təˈdʒɪkɨstæn/ or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/; Тоҷикистон IPA: [tɔd͡ʒikɪsˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan also lies adjacent to Pakistan 
but is separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Most of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group, who share culture and history with the Iranian peoples and speak the Persian language (officially referred to as Tajiki in Tajikistan). Once part of the Samanid Empire, Tajikistan became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union in the 20th century, known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR).
After independence, Tajikistan suffered from a devastating civil war which lasted from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly-established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Trade in commodities such as cotton and aluminium wire has contributed greatly to this steady improvement. In Tajikistan about 20% of the population live on less than US$1.25 per day.
but is separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Most of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group, who share culture and history with the Iranian peoples and speak the Persian language (officially referred to as Tajiki in Tajikistan). Once part of the Samanid Empire, Tajikistan became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union in the 20th century, known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR).After independence, Tajikistan suffered from a devastating civil war which lasted from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly-established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Trade in commodities such as cotton and aluminium wire has contributed greatly to this steady improvement. In Tajikistan about 20% of the population live on less than US$1.25 per day.
Capital(and largest city)
Dushanbe38°33′N 68°48′E / 38.55°N 68.8°E / 38.55; 68.8
Official languages
Tajik[1]
Language for inter-ethniccommunication
Russian
Demonym
Tajikistani[2]
Government
Unitary presidential republic
-
President
Emomalii Rahmon
-
Prime Minister
Oqil Oqilov
Independence
-
Establishment of the Samanid Empire
875 AD
-
Declared
September 9, 1991
-
Completed
December 25, 1991
Area
-
Total
143,100 km2 (95th)55,251 sq mi
-
Water (%)
0.3
Population
-
January 2008 estimate
7,215,7001 (100th1)
-
2000 census
6,127,000
-
Density
45/km2 (151st)117/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$13.041 billion[3]
-
Per capita
$2,019[3]
GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$5.135 billion[3]
-
Per capita
$795[3]
Gini (2003)
32.6 (medium)
HDI (2007)
▲ 0.673 (medium) (122nd)
Currency
Somoni (TJS)
Time zone
TJT (UTC+5)
Drives on the
right
Internet TLD
.tj
Calling code
992
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Early history
2.2 Russian presence
2.3 Soviet Tajikistan
2.4 Post-independence
3 Politics
4 Administrative divisions
5 Geography
6 Economy
7 Demographics
8 Culture
9 Religion
10 Sport
11 Transport
12 See also
13 References and footnotes
14 Further reading
15 External links
2 History
2.1 Early history
2.2 Russian presence
2.3 Soviet Tajikistan
2.4 Post-independence
3 Politics
4 Administrative divisions
5 Geography
6 Economy
7 Demographics
8 Culture
9 Religion
10 Sport
11 Transport
12 See also
13 References and footnotes
14 Further reading
15 External links
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