Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México, D.F. (for Distrito Federal), México or Méjico[1]) is the capital city of Mexico.[2] It is the economic, industrial, and cultural center in the country, and the most populous city, with about 8,836,045 inhabitants in 2008. Greater Mexico City (Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México) incorporates 59 adjacent municipalities of Mexico State and 29 municipalities of the state of Hidalgo, according to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments.[3] Greater Mexico City has a population exceeding 19 million people, making it the second largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the third largest in the world by population according to the United Nations.[4] In 2005, it ranked the eighth in terms of GDP (PPP) among urban agglomerations in the world.[5] Mexico City is a major global city in Latin America and ranked 25th among global cities by Foreign Policy's 2008 Global Cities Index.[6]
Mexico City is also the Federal District (Distrito Federal in Spanish). The Federal District is coterminous with Mexico City; both are governed by a single institution and are constitutionally considered to be the same entity. This has not always been the case. The Federal District, created in 1824, was integrated by several municipalities, one of which was the municipality of Mexico City. As the city began to grow, it engulfed all other municipalities into one large urban area. In 1928, all municipalities within the Federal District were abolished, an action that left a vacuum in the legal status of Mexico City vis-à-vis the Federal District, even though for most practical purposes they were traditionally considered to be the same entity. In 1993, to end the sterile discussions about whether one concept had engulfed the other, or if any of the two entities had any existence in lieu of the other, the 44th Article of the Constitution of Mexico was reformed to clearly state that Mexico City is the Federal District, seat of the Powers of the Union and capital of the United Mexican States.[7]
According to a study[5][8] conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers, Greater Mexico City, with a population of 19.2 million, had a GDP of $315 billion in 2005 at purchasing power parity, an urban agglomeration with the eighth highest GDP in the world after the greater areas of Tokyo, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Paris, London and Osaka/Kobe, and the highest in Latin America. In 2020, it is expected to rank seventh with a $608 billion GDP, displacing Osaka/Kobe.
As of 2008, the city had a GDP of about $221 billion, with an income per capita of $25,258, well above the national average and on par with high income economies such as South Korea or the Czech Republic.[9]
Mexico City is located in the Valley of Mexico, also called the Valley of Anáhuac, a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 meters (7,349 ft). The city was originally built as Tenochtitlan by the Aztecs in 1325 on an island of Lake Texcoco. It was almost completely destroyed in the siege of 1521, and was subsequently redesigned and rebuilt in accordance with the Spanish urban standards. In 1524 the municipality of Mexico City was established, known as México Tenustitlán,[10] and as of 1585 it is officially known as ciudad de México.[10]
Mexico City is also the Federal District (Distrito Federal in Spanish). The Federal District is coterminous with Mexico City; both are governed by a single institution and are constitutionally considered to be the same entity. This has not always been the case. The Federal District, created in 1824, was integrated by several municipalities, one of which was the municipality of Mexico City. As the city began to grow, it engulfed all other municipalities into one large urban area. In 1928, all municipalities within the Federal District were abolished, an action that left a vacuum in the legal status of Mexico City vis-à-vis the Federal District, even though for most practical purposes they were traditionally considered to be the same entity. In 1993, to end the sterile discussions about whether one concept had engulfed the other, or if any of the two entities had any existence in lieu of the other, the 44th Article of the Constitution of Mexico was reformed to clearly state that Mexico City is the Federal District, seat of the Powers of the Union and capital of the United Mexican States.[7]
According to a study[5][8] conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers, Greater Mexico City, with a population of 19.2 million, had a GDP of $315 billion in 2005 at purchasing power parity, an urban agglomeration with the eighth highest GDP in the world after the greater areas of Tokyo, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Paris, London and Osaka/Kobe, and the highest in Latin America. In 2020, it is expected to rank seventh with a $608 billion GDP, displacing Osaka/Kobe.
As of 2008, the city had a GDP of about $221 billion, with an income per capita of $25,258, well above the national average and on par with high income economies such as South Korea or the Czech Republic.[9]
Mexico City is located in the Valley of Mexico, also called the Valley of Anáhuac, a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 meters (7,349 ft). The city was originally built as Tenochtitlan by the Aztecs in 1325 on an island of Lake Texcoco. It was almost completely destroyed in the siege of 1521, and was subsequently redesigned and rebuilt in accordance with the Spanish urban standards. In 1524 the municipality of Mexico City was established, known as México Tenustitlán,[10] and as of 1585 it is officially known as ciudad de México.[10]
Country
Mexico
Federal entity
The 16 delegaciones
Boroughs
{{{subdivision_name2}}}
Founded
c. March 18, 1325(as Tenochtitlan)
Municipality of New Spain
1524
Federal District
1824
Government
- Type
Republic
- Head of Government
Marcelo Ebrard (PRD)
Area 1
- City
1,485 km2 (573.36 sq mi)
- Metro
7,854 km2 (3,032.4 sq mi)
Elevation
2,240 m (7,349 ft)
Population (2008)
- City
8,836,045
- Density
5,950/km2 (15,410.4/sq mi)
- Metro
19,028,000
- Metro Density
2,524/km2 (6,537.1/sq mi)
- Demonym
capitalino (formal), defeño (informal), chilango (colloquial)
Time zone
Central Standard Time (UTC-6)
- Summer (DST)
Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)
1 Area of the Federal District that includes non-urban areas at the south.
Website
http://www.df.gob.mx/
1 History
1.1 Spanish conquest of Tenochtitlán
1.2 City's rebuilding as Mexico City
1.3 Growth of the colonial city
1.4 20th century to present
2 Geography
2.1 Climate
3 Environment
4 Politics
4.1 Federal District
4.2 Political structure
4.3 Elections and government
4.4 Boroughs
5 Health
6 Economy
7 Demographics
8 Landmarks
9 Transportation
10 Sports
11 Education
12 Media
13 Culture
13.1 Art
13.2 Music, movies and entertainment
13.3 Cuisine
13.4 Nicknames
14 Law enforcement
15 Sister cities
16 See also
17 References
18 External links
1.1 Spanish conquest of Tenochtitlán
1.2 City's rebuilding as Mexico City
1.3 Growth of the colonial city
1.4 20th century to present
2 Geography
2.1 Climate
3 Environment
4 Politics
4.1 Federal District
4.2 Political structure
4.3 Elections and government
4.4 Boroughs
5 Health
6 Economy
7 Demographics
8 Landmarks
9 Transportation
10 Sports
11 Education
12 Media
13 Culture
13.1 Art
13.2 Music, movies and entertainment
13.3 Cuisine
13.4 Nicknames
14 Law enforcement
15 Sister cities
16 See also
17 References
18 External links
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