San Marino

The Most Serene Republic of San Marino /ˌsæn məˈriːnoʊ/ (help·info) (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino) is a country situated in the Apennine Mountains. It is a landlocked enclave, completely surrounded by Italy. Its size is just over 60 km² with an estimated population of almost 30,000. Its capital is City of San Marino. One of the European microstates along with the Vatican and Andorra, San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.

San Marino is the oldest sovereign state and constitutional republic in the world, having been founded on 3 September 301 by stonecutter Marinus of Rab. Legend has it that Marinus left Rab, then a Roman colony, in 257 AD when the future emperor Diocletian issued a decree calling for the reconstruction of the city walls of Rimini which had been destroyed by Liburnian pirates.^[1]

The Constitution of San Marino, enacted in 1600, is the world's oldest constitution still in effect.

Contents

• 1 History
• 2 Geography
  • 2.1 Climate
  • 2.2 Municipalities
  • 2.3 Hamlets
• 3 Politics
• 4 Economy
  • 4.1 Taxation
• 5 Demographics
• 6 Military
  • 6.1 Crossbow Corps
  • 6.2 Guard of the Rock
  • 6.3 Guard of the Council Great and General
  • 6.4 The Army Militia
  • 6.5 The Military Ensemble
  • 6.6 The Gendarmerie
• 7 Transport
  • 7.1 Public transport
  • 7.2 Railway
• 8 Culture
  • 8.1 University
  • 8.2 Sport
  • 8.3 Cuisine
  • 8.4 LGBT
• 9 San Marino and UNESCO
• 10 Miscellaneous topics
• 11 Music
• 12 See also
• 13 References
• 14 External links

Most Serene Republic of San Marino Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Libertas (Latin) "Liberty"
Anthem: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica"
Location of San Marino (green) on the European continent (dark grey) — [Legend]
Capital		City of San Marino 43°56′N 12°27′E / 43.933°N 12.45°E / 43.933; 12.45
Largest city		Dogana
Official languages		Italian1
Demonym		Sammarinese
Government		Parliamentary republic
-	Captains Regent	Massimo Cenci Oscar Mina
Independence		from the Roman Empire
-	Date	3 September 301 (traditional)
Area
-	Total	61.2 km2 (220th) 23.5 sq mi
-	Water (%)	negligible
Population
-	July 2008 estimate	29,973 (209th)
-	Density	489/km2 (20th) 1,225/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2007 estimate
-	Total	$1662 million (195th)
-	Per capita	$34,100 (23rd)
HDI (2003)		n/a (unranked) (n/a)
Currency		Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone		CET (UTC+1)
-	Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the		right
Internet TLD		.sm
Calling code		+378
Patron saint		St. Agatha